体内研究：

实验目的（Purpose）: Berberine has antidiabetic properties, although its mode of action is unknown. Here, we have investigated the metabolic effects of Berberine in two animal models of insulin resistance and in insulin- responsive cell lines.

动物模型I（Animal Model I）：Obese and diabetic C57BLKS/J-Leprdb/Leprdbmale mice

实验方法I（Assay I）：From 12 weeks of age, berberine was injected intraperitoneally (5 mg · kg body wt−1·

day−1) into the mice for 26 days.

动物模型II（Animal Model II）：Wistar rats (250 g)were acclimatized in communal cages at 22°C, with a 12-h light 12-h dark cycle (lights on at 0600) for 1 week and had access to a standard chow diet and water ad libitum. Rats were then randomly assigned to receive either the standard chow diet as the control group (CH group) or a high-fat (60% calories as saturated fat) diet for 4 weeks.

实验方法II（Assay II）：After 2 weeks of feeding, rats were randomly assigned to receive oral administration of either vehicle (0.5% methylcellulose) or berberine (380 mg · kg−1· day−1) by gavage for the last 2 weeks.

体外研究：

实验目的（Purpose）:To investigate the cytotoxic effect of berberine on MG-63 cells

细胞类型（Cell type）：MG-63 human osteosarcoma cell line (wild type)

药物配制（Preparation）：Berberine was dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)

实验方法（Assay）：MG-63 cells were seeded at a density of 1×104cells/well in 100 μl of cell culture medium and then placed in a 96-well plate. Following 12 h of incubation, the cells were treated with 0, 20, 40, 80 μM berberine for 12 and 24 h. MTT was used to detect cell cytotoxicity.

体内研究：

实验目的（Purpose）:To study the in vivo antitumor effects of berberine

动物模型I（Animal Model I）：After subcutaneous implantation of SiHa cells, BALB/c nude mice (n = 5 for each group) were treated with placebo or berberine and then analyzed for tumor growth.

实验方法I（Assay I）：The mice were randomly divided into three groups (n = 5 for each group) and fed by oral gavage with placebo (control) and berberine (10 and 20 mg/kg per day).

给药途径（Administration）：Oral gavage